is a barrister and former judge, former president of the District Court in Katowice, the first winner of the award for the most pro-citizen judge in Poland, and a public intellectual. An expert on the rule of law, he has been involved in defending the independence of Polish courts since 2018. He is a Policy Leadership Fellow at the European University Institute (2022). He has worked on judiciary reforms in Ukraine and Georgia. Since October 2024 he has been Minister of Justice Plenipotentiary for the Open Judiciary. Legal columnist for Poland’s oldest daily, Rzeczpospolita. Member of the Board of the legal think-tank INPRIS—Institute for Law and Society. Lives in Katowice.